Vol. 7, Issue 2, Part A (2025)

Increases weight and excessive fat accumulation in women is a growing public health concern, often associated with development of metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Insulin resistance IR is recognized as a key pathophysiological mechanism linking obesity to these metabolic disturbances. This paper aims to evaluate the role of insulin resistance in study groups and investigated the effect of obesity in women in the development of insulin resistance and metabolic disorders. One hundred and fifty (150) women them age around (25-55) years were collected and classified into two groups healthy control group and patients’ group then all subjects sub divided into three groups based on BMI categories. ELISA kit was used to measure biochemical parameters levels in serum of blood and LDL levels, HOMA-IR were calculated according to specific formula. The results showed significantly increased in insulin resistance levels (4.55±1.30), (2.61±0.85) respectively in obese and overweight women compared to normal weight group (1.51±0.22) at p≤0.001, and increased significant at p≤0.001 was exhibited in the mean level of total cholesterol and triglyceride and LDL- cholesterol correlated with increased BMI women groups. While HDL- cholesterol significantly decreased both in overweight and obese subject p<0.05 as comparison to normal weight group (49.3±19.6), (41.1±16.1), (58.1±18.0) respectively. This finding suggested that insulin resistance play a vital role in the pathogenesis and progression of metabolic disease among obese women so, insulin resistance acts as a central mechanistic link between excess adiposity and metabolic abnormalities.